Biology MCQs with Answer (part 2) by General knowledge Solutions

Biology MCQs with Answer (part 2)  by General knowledge Solutions

                                                                               

1. Clinical features of hyperthyroidism include

(A) Goitre, heat intolerance, weight loss and tachycardia

(B) Goitre, tremors, tachycardia and cold intolerance

(C) Exophthalmos, goiter, tachycardia and loss of appetite

(D) Exophthalmos, goiter, tremors and obesity

2. All the following may occur in hyperthyroidism except

(A) Goitre

(B) Increased appetite

(C) Loss of weight

(D) Low BMR

 3. All the following may occur in myxoedema except

(A) Cold intolerance

(B) Low BMR

(C) Tachycardia

 (D) Dry and coarse skin

 4. Mental retardation can occur in

 (A) Cretinism

(B) Juvenile myxoedema

(C) Myxoedema

(D) Juvenile thyrotoxicosis

 5. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is synthesised in

(A) Chief cells of parathyroid glands

(B) Oxyphil cells of parathyroid glands

(C) Para follicular cells of thyroid glands

(D) Follicular cells of thyroid gland

6. The number of amino acid residues in PTH:

(A) 51

(B) 84

(C) 90

(D) 115

 7. Amino acid residues which are essential for the biological activity of PTH are

(A) N-terminal 34 amino acids

(B) N-terminal 50 amino acids

(C) C-terminal 34 amino acids

(D) C-terminal 50 amino acids

 8. Half-life of PTH is

(A) A few seconds

(B) A few minutes

(C) A few hours

(D) A few days

 9. The second messenger for PTH is

(A) Cyclic AMP

(B) Cyclic GMP

(C) Diacylglycerol

(D) Inositol triphosphate

 10. PTH causes all of the following except

(A) Increased intestinal absorption of calcium

(B) Increased intestinal absorption of phosphate

(C) Increased tubular reabsorption of calcium

(D) Increased tubular reabsorption of phosphate

11. Secretion of PTH is regulated by

(A) Hypothalamus

(B) Anterior pituitary

(C) Feedback effect of plasma PTH

(D) Feedback effect of plasma calcium

 12. A high concentration of PTH in blood causes

(A) Increase in plasma calcium and inorganic phosphorous

(B) Decrease in plasma calcium and inorganic phosphorous

(C) Increase in plasma calcium and decrease in plasma inorganic phosphorous

(D) Decrease in plasma calcium and increase in plasma inorganic phosphorous

13. Tetany can occur

(A) In primary hyperparathyroidism

(B) In secondary hyperparathyroidism

(C) In idiopathic hypoparathyroidism

(D) After accidental removal of parathyroid glands

 14. Crystallisation of insulin occurs in the presence of

(A) Chromium

(B) Copper

(C) Zinc

(D) Calcium

15. Daily secretion of insulin is about δ–

(A) 10–20 mg

(B) 40–50 mg

(C) 10–20 units

(D) 40–50 units

 16. Insulin receptors are decreased in number in

 (A) Obesity

(B) Starvation

(C) Hyperinsulinism

(D) Kwashiorkor

17. Insulin binding sites are present on the

(A) α-subunits of insulin receptor

(B) β-subunits of insulin receptor

(C) γ-subunits of insulin receptor

(D) α-and β−subunits of insulin receptor

 18. α-Subunits of insulin receptor are present

(A) Outside the cell membrane

(B) In the cell membrane

(C) Across the cell membrane

(D) In the cytosol

19. β-Subunits of insulin receptor are present

(A) Outside the cell membrane

(B) In the cell membrane

(C) Across the cell membrane

(D) In the cytosol

20. In the insulin receptor, tyrosine kinase domain is present in

(A) α-Subunits

(B) β-Subunits

(C) γ-Subunits

(D) δ-Subunits

21. Binding of insulin to its receptor activates

(A) Adenylate cyclase

(B) Guanylate cyclase

(C) Phospholipase C

(D) Tyrosine kinase

 22. Insulin receptor is made up of

(A) One α-and one β-subunit

(B) Two α-and two β-subunit

(C) Two, α two β-and two γ-subunit

 (D) One α, one β-one γ-and one δ-subunit

 23. Insulin is required for the active uptake of glucose by most of the cells except

(A) Muscle cells

(B) Renal tubular cells

(C) Adipocytes

(D) Liver cells

 24. Insulin decreases

(A) Glycogenesis

(B) Glyolysis

(C) Gluconeogenesis

(D) Tubular reabsorption of glucose

 25. Insulin increases

(A) Glycogenesis

(B) Gluconeogenesis

(C) Lipolysis

(D) Blood glucose

 26. Insulin increases

(A) Protein synthesis

(B) Fatty acid synthesis

(C) Glycogen synthesis

(D) All of these

 27. Insulin decreases the synthesis of

(A) Hexokinase

(B) Glucokinase

(C) PEP carboxykinase

(D) Glycogen synthetase

28. Diabetes mellitus can occur due to all of the following except

(A) Deficient insulin secretion

(B) Tumour of β−cells

(C) Decrease in number of insulin receptors

(D) Formation of insulin antibodies

 29. Hypoglycaemic coma can occur

(A) In untreated diabetes mellitus

(B) In starvation

(C) After overdose of oral hypoglycaemic drugs

(D) After overdose of insulin

 30. Second messenger for glucagons is

(A) Cyclic AMP

(B) Diacylglycerol

(C) Cyclic GMP

(D) Inositol triphosphate

 31. Number of amino acid residues in glucagons is

(A) 29

(B) 34

(C) 51

(D) 84

 32. Glucagon secretion increases

(A) After a carbohydrate-rich meal

(B) After a fat-rich meal

(C) When blood glucose is high

(D) When blood glucose is low

 33. The maineffecting of glucagons is to increase

(A) Glycolysis in muscles

(B) Glycogenolysis in muscles

(C) Glycogenolysis in liver

(D) Glycogenesis in liver

 34. Tyrosine is required for the synthesis of all of the following except

(A) Melatonin

(B) Epinephrine

(C) Norepinephrine

(D) Thyroxine

35. Dopamine is synthesised from

(A) Dihydroxyphenylalanine

(B) Epinephrine

(C) Norepinephrine

(D) Metanephrine

36. Blood brain barrier can be crossed by

(A) Epinephrine

(B) Dopamine

(C) Dopa

(D) All of these

37. Epinephrine is synthesised in

(A) Chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla

(B) Sympathetic ganglia

(C) Brain

(D) All of these

38. Immediate precursor of epinephrine is

(A) Metanephrine

 (B) Norepinephrine

(C) Dopa

(D) Dopamine

39. The chief metabolite of catecholamines is

(A) Metanephrine

(B) Normetanephrine

 (C) 3, 4-Dihydroxymandelic acid

(D) Vanillylmandelic acid

40. An enzyme involved in catabolism of catecholamines is

(A) Dopa decarboxylase

(B) Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase

(C) Monoamine oxidase

(D) Catechol oxidas

41. Norepinephrine binds mainly to

(A) α-Adrenergic receptors

(B) β-Adrenergic receptrors

(C) Muscarinic receptors

(D) Nicotinic receptors

42. Astimulatory G-protein transduces the signals from

(A) α1-and β1-adrenergic receptors

(B) α2-and β2-adrenergic receptors

(C) α1-and α2-adrenergic receptors

(D) β1-and β2-adrenergic receptors

Answer :

1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. D 12. D 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. A 18. A 1. C 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. C 28 B 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. D .40 C 41. A 42. D