GENERAL SCIENCE DIFFERENCIATION
GENERAL SCIENCE DIFFERENCIATION
1. Artery & Vein Artery
i) Arteries are blood
vessels which transport blood away from the heart.
ii) Arteries have thick
vascular walls.
iii) The inside bore or lumen of arteries is narrow.
iv)
Arteries carry oxygenated blood with the exception of pulmonary artery.
v) The
walls of arteries are more elastic.
vi) The blood is under great pressure in
the arteries.
vii) Arteries are generally deeply placed.
viii) Arteries end in
the capillaries.
Vein:
i) Veins are the blood vessels which always carry blood towards heart.
ii) Veins have thin muscular walls.
iii) The inside bore or lumen of veins is wide.
iv) Veins carry deoxygenated blood with the exception of pulmonary veins.
v) The walls of veins are less elastic.
vi) The blood is under less pressure in the veins.
vii) Veins are generally superficially placed.
viii) Veins start from the capillaries.
2. PNP and NPN Transistor
1. NPN has higher electron mobility than PNP. Therefore, NPN bipolar transistors are often more favoured than PNP transistors.
2. NPN is easier to create from silicon than PNP.
3. The main difference of NPN and PNP is the base. One is just the opposite of the other.
4. With the NPN, a P-dope semiconductor is the base, while with the PNP, the ‗base‘ is a N-dope semiconductor.
3. Electronic & Static Electricity Electronic Electricity
i) This is electricity in motion.
ii) It involves flow of electrons.
iii) It has high voltage.
Static Electricity:
i) This is electricity at rest.
ii) It does not involve flow of electrons.
iii) It has low voltage.
4. Concave & Convex Lens Concave Lens
i) It is the lens which is narrower in the centre and broader towards the corners.
ii) When a beam of light strikes a concave lens all the rays after passing through it diverge.
iii) It gives mostly virtual image.
iv) They are also called diverging lenses.
Convex Lens:
i) It is the lens which is narrower towards the corners and broader towards the centre.
ii) When a beam of light strikes a convex lens all the rays after passing through it converge at a single point.
iii) Mostly real images are formed except when the ray of light passes through it when object is palced between optical centre and focus.
iv) They are also called converging lenses.
5. Absorption & Adsorption Absorption
i) Absorption is a process in which a substance takes up another substance, such as blotting paper (solid) absorbing water (a liquid). OR Adsorption and absorption are two different things. Absorption is the chemical integration of one chemical into another. When you drink a glass of water, you are absorbing it, as the water becomes part of you.
Adsorption:
i) Adsorption is a process in which a substance adheres to the surface of another substance. Adsorption is important in some types of catalysis, notably where gases adsorb on metal surfaces. The reaction is then made easier by a consequent lowering of activation energy. OR Adsorption occurs when one substance holds another via physical bonds. If you spill a glass of water on your shirt, it is adsorbed as the fibres will hold the water until heat dries out the shirt.
6. Fats & Oils Fats
i) are solid at room temperature
ii) made by animals, mostly
iii) are more saturated
Oils:
i) are liquid at room temperature
ii) are made by plants, mostly
iii) are less saturated
Hypoglycaemia:
i) The fall in sugar level in the blood below the normal physiologic level known as Hypoglycaemia. Normal physiologic range of sugar in blood is 60-90mg% at fasting and 120-140 mg% at random.
ii) It is treated by giving intravenous glucose.
iii) It causes mental confusion, visual problem and often coma etc.
iv) It causes weakness and increases in food desire.
Hyperglycaemia:
i) Hyperglycaemia is a condition in which blood sugar level rise above its normal range.
ii) It is treated by exercise, medicine or by intravenous insulin therapy.
iii) It causes weakness, calf pain, unhealed wounds and kidney problem.
iv) It causes excessive urination, dryness of lips and increased thirst etc.
2. Epidemic & Endemic Epidemic:
i) If at one place and times a great number of people suffer from a disease is known as epidemic.
ii) It can travel from one place to another.
iii) Examples: Influenza, Smallpox, Cholera etc.
Endemic:
i) If a disease persists in a particular locality, certain area or one region, it is known as endemic disease.
ii) It cannot travel from one place to another place.
iii) Example: Goitre in iodine deficient areas.
3. Herbivores & Carnivores Herbivores
i) The animals eating green plants, grass and fodder are known as Herbivores.
ii) Animals have specific digestive system to digest leaves, plants and fodder.
iii) The teeth are specifically designed to cut and chew leaves, plants and fodder.
iv) Jaw movement is specific for side motion.
v) Examples: goats, cattle, sheep, buffalo, cow etc.
Carnivores:
i) The animals eating flesh and meat are known as carnivores.
ii) Digestive enzymes are specific.
iii) Their teeth are short and to cut and chew leaves, plants pointed especially for flesh eating.
iv) Jaw movement is specific for up and down movement.
v) Examples: Tiger, dog, cat, lion etc.
i) Veins are the blood vessels which always carry blood towards heart.
ii) Veins have thin muscular walls.
iii) The inside bore or lumen of veins is wide.
iv) Veins carry deoxygenated blood with the exception of pulmonary veins.
v) The walls of veins are less elastic.
vi) The blood is under less pressure in the veins.
vii) Veins are generally superficially placed.
viii) Veins start from the capillaries.
2. PNP and NPN Transistor
1. NPN has higher electron mobility than PNP. Therefore, NPN bipolar transistors are often more favoured than PNP transistors.
2. NPN is easier to create from silicon than PNP.
3. The main difference of NPN and PNP is the base. One is just the opposite of the other.
4. With the NPN, a P-dope semiconductor is the base, while with the PNP, the ‗base‘ is a N-dope semiconductor.
3. Electronic & Static Electricity Electronic Electricity
i) This is electricity in motion.
ii) It involves flow of electrons.
iii) It has high voltage.
Static Electricity:
i) This is electricity at rest.
ii) It does not involve flow of electrons.
iii) It has low voltage.
4. Concave & Convex Lens Concave Lens
i) It is the lens which is narrower in the centre and broader towards the corners.
ii) When a beam of light strikes a concave lens all the rays after passing through it diverge.
iii) It gives mostly virtual image.
iv) They are also called diverging lenses.
Convex Lens:
i) It is the lens which is narrower towards the corners and broader towards the centre.
ii) When a beam of light strikes a convex lens all the rays after passing through it converge at a single point.
iii) Mostly real images are formed except when the ray of light passes through it when object is palced between optical centre and focus.
iv) They are also called converging lenses.
5. Absorption & Adsorption Absorption
i) Absorption is a process in which a substance takes up another substance, such as blotting paper (solid) absorbing water (a liquid). OR Adsorption and absorption are two different things. Absorption is the chemical integration of one chemical into another. When you drink a glass of water, you are absorbing it, as the water becomes part of you.
Adsorption:
i) Adsorption is a process in which a substance adheres to the surface of another substance. Adsorption is important in some types of catalysis, notably where gases adsorb on metal surfaces. The reaction is then made easier by a consequent lowering of activation energy. OR Adsorption occurs when one substance holds another via physical bonds. If you spill a glass of water on your shirt, it is adsorbed as the fibres will hold the water until heat dries out the shirt.
6. Fats & Oils Fats
i) are solid at room temperature
ii) made by animals, mostly
iii) are more saturated
Oils:
i) are liquid at room temperature
ii) are made by plants, mostly
iii) are less saturated
Hypoglycaemia:
i) The fall in sugar level in the blood below the normal physiologic level known as Hypoglycaemia. Normal physiologic range of sugar in blood is 60-90mg% at fasting and 120-140 mg% at random.
ii) It is treated by giving intravenous glucose.
iii) It causes mental confusion, visual problem and often coma etc.
iv) It causes weakness and increases in food desire.
Hyperglycaemia:
i) Hyperglycaemia is a condition in which blood sugar level rise above its normal range.
ii) It is treated by exercise, medicine or by intravenous insulin therapy.
iii) It causes weakness, calf pain, unhealed wounds and kidney problem.
iv) It causes excessive urination, dryness of lips and increased thirst etc.
2. Epidemic & Endemic Epidemic:
i) If at one place and times a great number of people suffer from a disease is known as epidemic.
ii) It can travel from one place to another.
iii) Examples: Influenza, Smallpox, Cholera etc.
Endemic:
i) If a disease persists in a particular locality, certain area or one region, it is known as endemic disease.
ii) It cannot travel from one place to another place.
iii) Example: Goitre in iodine deficient areas.
3. Herbivores & Carnivores Herbivores
i) The animals eating green plants, grass and fodder are known as Herbivores.
ii) Animals have specific digestive system to digest leaves, plants and fodder.
iii) The teeth are specifically designed to cut and chew leaves, plants and fodder.
iv) Jaw movement is specific for side motion.
v) Examples: goats, cattle, sheep, buffalo, cow etc.
Carnivores:
i) The animals eating flesh and meat are known as carnivores.
ii) Digestive enzymes are specific.
iii) Their teeth are short and to cut and chew leaves, plants pointed especially for flesh eating.
iv) Jaw movement is specific for up and down movement.
v) Examples: Tiger, dog, cat, lion etc.
4. Respiration & Photosynthesis
Respiration
i) Respiration is a catabolic process in which compounds are broken down.
ii) In this process carbohydrates are broken down into simpler compounds.
iii) The end-products for this process are CO2 and H2O.
iv) In respiration Oxygen enters the plant body and CO2 is released.
v) It occurs during both day and night. Light is not necessary for this process.
vi) In respiration energy is released from food material.
Photosynthesis
i) It is an anabolic process in which compounds are formed.
ii) In this process carbohydrates are manufactured.
iii) The end-product of this process is simple carbohydrates.
iv) In photosynthesis CO2 enters the plant and O2 is released.
v) It occurs during day time only. Light is essential for this process.
vi) It is energy consuming process.
i) Respiration is a catabolic process in which compounds are broken down.
ii) In this process carbohydrates are broken down into simpler compounds.
iii) The end-products for this process are CO2 and H2O.
iv) In respiration Oxygen enters the plant body and CO2 is released.
v) It occurs during both day and night. Light is not necessary for this process.
vi) In respiration energy is released from food material.
Photosynthesis
i) It is an anabolic process in which compounds are formed.
ii) In this process carbohydrates are manufactured.
iii) The end-product of this process is simple carbohydrates.
iv) In photosynthesis CO2 enters the plant and O2 is released.
v) It occurs during day time only. Light is essential for this process.
vi) It is energy consuming process.
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