COMUTER SCIENCE DIFFERENCIATION
COMPUTER SCIENCE DIFFERENCIATION
RAM
i) It stands for random access memory.
ii) It is an optical disc, where data and information is stored permanently.
iii) RAM is the primary storage media.
iv) RAM is the primary storage device from which the system boots.
v) RAM is stored on RAM chip.
vi) The data or information stored on it can be written on or it can be erased.
ROM
i) It stands for read only memory.
ii) It is that part of CPU, where temporary information is stored.
iii) RIOM is the secondary storage media.
iv) System does not boot from ROM.
v) ROM is stored on a compact disc.
vi) The data or information stored on it neither be written on, nor it can be erased.
BIT & BYTE
A bit is defined as: a single basic unit of information, used in connection with computers and electronic communication. All modern computers store and use data in digital form. The smallest unit of storage and measurement is one binary digit, therefore its name.
A byte, pronounced ‗bite‘, is the next size up basic unit of measurement for information storage, usually consisting of eight bits. These 8 bits are grouped together to form a byte that is, a total or 8 grouped bits representing one character of data. Therefore, so far we have two basic units of measuring digital information storage that have different capacities, they are: • 1 Bit • 8 Bits equal 1 Byte
CU & ALU CU
i) It stands for Control Unit.
ii) Control unit controls overall activates of computer.
iii) CU does not perform the functions of calculations.
ALU
i) It stands for arithmetic logic unit.
ii) It performs arithmetic and logical operations.
iii) ALU performs functions of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
Hardware & Software Hardware:
i) All the physical components of computer which can be touched, measured have weight and occupy space are collectively called computer hardware etc.
ii) Examples of hardware are: keyboard, mouse, joy stick, scanner, printer, CPU etc. Software: i) Software can be defined as a set of instructions and codes written in a defined manner. In other words software are pre-written programs, which control the operation of computer. ii) Examples of software are; DOS, windows, UNIX, XENIX, Linus, JAVA, Oracle, Antivirus etc.
PC/Minicomputers & Mainframe computers PC:
i) It is a small computer based on microprocessor.
ii) One user can use it at a time.
iii) These are very low priced computers. An individual can afford it.
iv) User friendly software are used to operate this computer.
v) Minicomputers were launched in 1959 by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
vi) Minicomputers are also made by Data General, Hewlett-Packard & IBM
Mainframe Computers:
i) The largest computers called mainframe computers are the oldest category of computer system.
ii) They are capable of great processing speed and data storage.
iii) These are always kept in air-cooled rooms.
iv) They are mainly used in banks, airlines and industrial companies.
Email & Snail Mail Snail mail:
i) "Snail mail" is a term used to refer to mail that is sent in the traditional way — through the postal service — rather than by email, fax, or other electronic means of communication.
ii) It is called "snail mail" because it can be very slow, as is a snail. Snail mail generally takes 2 or 3 days to go from origin to destination, if not many more,
iii) Snail mail has gone out of fashion for simple letters, though it is still necessary for sending packages, or legal documents that require signatures.
i) Email is electronic mail which is very quick means of communication through computers and telephone line.
ii) Email can be sent instantly.
iii) With email, a message is sent directly from a user's mail program to another person's email address. Though many email messages simply contain words, they may also include photos or other digital files, such as songs, or links to websites
i) It stands for random access memory.
ii) It is an optical disc, where data and information is stored permanently.
iii) RAM is the primary storage media.
iv) RAM is the primary storage device from which the system boots.
v) RAM is stored on RAM chip.
vi) The data or information stored on it can be written on or it can be erased.
ROM
i) It stands for read only memory.
ii) It is that part of CPU, where temporary information is stored.
iii) RIOM is the secondary storage media.
iv) System does not boot from ROM.
v) ROM is stored on a compact disc.
vi) The data or information stored on it neither be written on, nor it can be erased.
BIT & BYTE
A bit is defined as: a single basic unit of information, used in connection with computers and electronic communication. All modern computers store and use data in digital form. The smallest unit of storage and measurement is one binary digit, therefore its name.
A byte, pronounced ‗bite‘, is the next size up basic unit of measurement for information storage, usually consisting of eight bits. These 8 bits are grouped together to form a byte that is, a total or 8 grouped bits representing one character of data. Therefore, so far we have two basic units of measuring digital information storage that have different capacities, they are: • 1 Bit • 8 Bits equal 1 Byte
CU & ALU CU
i) It stands for Control Unit.
ii) Control unit controls overall activates of computer.
iii) CU does not perform the functions of calculations.
ALU
i) It stands for arithmetic logic unit.
ii) It performs arithmetic and logical operations.
iii) ALU performs functions of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
Hardware & Software Hardware:
i) All the physical components of computer which can be touched, measured have weight and occupy space are collectively called computer hardware etc.
ii) Examples of hardware are: keyboard, mouse, joy stick, scanner, printer, CPU etc. Software: i) Software can be defined as a set of instructions and codes written in a defined manner. In other words software are pre-written programs, which control the operation of computer. ii) Examples of software are; DOS, windows, UNIX, XENIX, Linus, JAVA, Oracle, Antivirus etc.
PC/Minicomputers & Mainframe computers PC:
i) It is a small computer based on microprocessor.
ii) One user can use it at a time.
iii) These are very low priced computers. An individual can afford it.
iv) User friendly software are used to operate this computer.
v) Minicomputers were launched in 1959 by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
vi) Minicomputers are also made by Data General, Hewlett-Packard & IBM
Mainframe Computers:
i) The largest computers called mainframe computers are the oldest category of computer system.
ii) They are capable of great processing speed and data storage.
iii) These are always kept in air-cooled rooms.
iv) They are mainly used in banks, airlines and industrial companies.
Email & Snail Mail Snail mail:
i) "Snail mail" is a term used to refer to mail that is sent in the traditional way — through the postal service — rather than by email, fax, or other electronic means of communication.
ii) It is called "snail mail" because it can be very slow, as is a snail. Snail mail generally takes 2 or 3 days to go from origin to destination, if not many more,
iii) Snail mail has gone out of fashion for simple letters, though it is still necessary for sending packages, or legal documents that require signatures.
i) Email is electronic mail which is very quick means of communication through computers and telephone line.
ii) Email can be sent instantly.
iii) With email, a message is sent directly from a user's mail program to another person's email address. Though many email messages simply contain words, they may also include photos or other digital files, such as songs, or links to websites
Microcomputer & Minicomputer Microcomputer:
i) A microcomputer is a standard desktop computer used at a home and in business.
ii) A microcomputer is a computer with a microprocessor as its CPU.
iii) They are cheap, compact and can be easily accommodated on a study table.
iv) Microcomputer is a single-user computer.
v) The two most common types of storage devices used with microcomputers are tapes and disks.
vi) Microcomputer is not powerful or as fast as minicomputer. -
vii) Examples are- Modern computers like desktop, laptop etc.
Minicomputer:
i) Minicomputers are mid-sized computer used in universities, research labs and small corporations. ii) Minicomputers are faster than microcomputers.
iii) They are expensive and larger than microcomputer.
iv) Minicomputer is a multi-user computer.
v) For secondary storage, most minicomputers use magnetic disks or tapes.
vi) Minicomputer is powerful than microcomputer but not as super computer and mainframe computer.
vii) Examples are- IBM 9375, Motorola 68040 etc.
Mainframe & Super Computers Mainframe Computers:
i) The largest computers called mainframe computers are the oldest category of computer system.
ii) They are capable of great processing speed and data storage.
iii) These are always kept in air-cooled rooms.
iv) They are mainly used in banks, airlines and industrial companies.
Super Computers:
i) The super computers are fastest of all computers.
ii) It was invented by two brothers Gregory and David in New York.
iii) These computers have high capacity to work.
iv) These also require air-conditioned rooms.
v) The super computers are mainly used in a) Automotive engineering b) Modelling nuclear explosion c) Aeroplane designing d) Oil exploration e) Weather forecasting etc.
RAM & Cache Memory RAM
i) It stands for random access memory.
ii) It is an optical disc, where data and information is stored permanently.
iii) RAM is the primary storage media.
iv) RAM is the primary storage device from which the system boots.
v) RAM is stored on RAM chip.
vi) The data or information stored on it can be written on or it can be erased
i) A microcomputer is a standard desktop computer used at a home and in business.
ii) A microcomputer is a computer with a microprocessor as its CPU.
iii) They are cheap, compact and can be easily accommodated on a study table.
iv) Microcomputer is a single-user computer.
v) The two most common types of storage devices used with microcomputers are tapes and disks.
vi) Microcomputer is not powerful or as fast as minicomputer. -
vii) Examples are- Modern computers like desktop, laptop etc.
Minicomputer:
i) Minicomputers are mid-sized computer used in universities, research labs and small corporations. ii) Minicomputers are faster than microcomputers.
iii) They are expensive and larger than microcomputer.
iv) Minicomputer is a multi-user computer.
v) For secondary storage, most minicomputers use magnetic disks or tapes.
vi) Minicomputer is powerful than microcomputer but not as super computer and mainframe computer.
vii) Examples are- IBM 9375, Motorola 68040 etc.
Mainframe & Super Computers Mainframe Computers:
i) The largest computers called mainframe computers are the oldest category of computer system.
ii) They are capable of great processing speed and data storage.
iii) These are always kept in air-cooled rooms.
iv) They are mainly used in banks, airlines and industrial companies.
Super Computers:
i) The super computers are fastest of all computers.
ii) It was invented by two brothers Gregory and David in New York.
iii) These computers have high capacity to work.
iv) These also require air-conditioned rooms.
v) The super computers are mainly used in a) Automotive engineering b) Modelling nuclear explosion c) Aeroplane designing d) Oil exploration e) Weather forecasting etc.
RAM & Cache Memory RAM
i) It stands for random access memory.
ii) It is an optical disc, where data and information is stored permanently.
iii) RAM is the primary storage media.
iv) RAM is the primary storage device from which the system boots.
v) RAM is stored on RAM chip.
vi) The data or information stored on it can be written on or it can be erased
Cache Memory:
i) Cache memory is a special high speed memory that the CPU can access quickly.
ii) It is used in computers with very fast CPUs, so that these CPUs don‘t have to wait for Data to be delivered from RAM.
iii) The most frequently used instructions are kept in the cache memory.
iv) This allows the CPU to run faster because it does not have to take time to swap instructions in and out of RAM.
No comments